To calculate the cos phi of the plant, it is necessary to
have data on the consumption of Active Energy (kWh) and
Reactive Energy (kVArh), or Active Power (kW) and Apparent
Power (kVA).
These values can be found in the electricity bill or
through a network analysis. If in possession of kWh and
kVArh
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To define the required reactive power of an automatic PFC
system, it is essential to have:
• Active Power (kW)
• Initial Cos φ (also deduced from the Active and Reactive
Energy consumed, see above)
• Desired Cos φ
Formula: Q = P * k
• Q: Necessary reactive power (kVAr)
• P: Active Power (kW)
• K: Cos φ coefficient from table
>> attachment 1
Example
Plant with active power 650 kW and initial Cos φ 0.75, to
be brought to 0.95.
What is the necessary reactive power?
500 kW *0.553 (coefficient K for cos phi from 0.75 to
0.95)
= 276 kVAr
It is advisable to oversize the necessary reactive power by 15-20% in order to maintain an average Cos φ of 0.95 even with load variations and/or future extensions.
Compensation of MV/LV Trafo
For economic reasons, it is advisable to compensate the
reactive power that the Transformer absorbs for the
magnetisation of the core and for the winder reactors.
The choice of Reactive power can be made based on table
>> attachment 2
Compensation of Asynchronous motors
The reactive power necessary for the power factor
correction of Asynchronous Motors is chosen from the
following table
>> attachment 2
It is always advisable in these situations to take into
account the possible self-excitation of the capacitors,
which is why the installation of an automatic PFC system
rather than a fix one is preferred.
It is always advisable to take into account possible
operation of the Motor as a self-excited generator, and
this can result in voltages that are considerably higher
than those of the network.
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